SteroidAlternatives.com’s remarkable 17-ingredient PITUITARY HUMAN GROWTH-ALT is scientifically formulated to duplicate Human Growth Hormone’s unique muscle-building and anti-aging properties, including its capacity for impacting both ‘direct’ and ‘indirect’ effects.  This laboratory designed, never-before-seen technology can raise your GH levels new heights.  

At SteroidAlternatives.com, we realize product integrity is no longer a given, but we’re confident in the quality of our ANABOLIC AGENTS and have always contended that an informed consumer is our best customer.  The following material represents our challenge to you.  Below you’ll find this product’s primary ingredients, their respective properties, how they work to build you a better body, and authentic EXCERPTS from prestigious medical journals which include the study aims/purposes and conclusions.  To view the entire clinical abstract, please click the provided hyperlink beneath each excerpt.  Thank you for investigating SteroidAlternatives.com and for the opportunity to prove our value!

PITUITARY HUMAN GROWTH-ALT INGREDIENTS 

Growth Hormone 

General Uses:

GH is a protein hormone comprised of approximately 200 amino acids that are synthesized and secreted in the anterior pituitary by cells called somatotrophs.  It serves as a major controlling participant in several complex physiologic processes, including growth and metabolism.   

Anabolic Benefits:

“…GH exerts anabolic effects directly and through stimulation of IGF-I, insulin, and free fatty acids (FFA). When subjects are well nourished, the GH-induced stimulation of IGF-I and insulin is important for anabolic storage and growth of lean body mass (LBM), adipose tissue, and glycogen reserves. During fasting and other catabolic states, GH predominantly stimulates the release and oxidation of FFA, which leads to decreased glucose and protein oxidation and preservation of LBM and glycogen stores. The most prominent metabolic effect of GH is a marked increase in lipolysis and FFA levels. In the basal state, the effects of GH on protein metabolism are modest and include increased protein synthesis and decreased breakdown at the whole body level and in muscle together with decreased amino acid degradation/oxidation and decreased hepatic urea formation.” 

Effects of growth hormone on glucose, lipid, and protein metabolism in human subjects.

Møller N, Jørgensen JO.

Endocr Rev. 2009 Apr;30(2):152-77. Epub 2009 Feb 24.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19240267 

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“Skeletal muscle is the major constituent of lean body mass and a major determinant of energy expenditure both at rest and during physical activity. Growth hormone, in turn, influences muscle mass as well as energy expenditure. Growth hormone substitution in adults increases muscle mass by 5-10%, but part of the effect is attributed to rehydration rather than protein accretion. In addition, GH regulates substrate metabolism in muscle and in particular antagonizes insulin-stimulated glucose disposal. This effect is linked to increased free fatty acid (FFA) flux but the molecular mechanisms remain unclear. During fasting, GH-induced insulin resistance may be favorable by reducing the demand of gluconeogenesis from protein. But in the postprandial phase, GH exposure may compromise glucose tolerance via the same mechanisms. Understanding the mechanisms whereby GH antagonizes insulin-stimulated glucose disposal in muscle is an important future research field with implications for a variety of clinical conditions ranging from malnutrition to obesity and type 2 diabetes.” 

Effects of GH in human muscle and fat.

Jørgensen JO, Rubeck KZ, Nielsen TS, Clasen BF, Vendelboe M, Hafstrøm TK, Madsen M, Lund S.

Pediatr Nephrol. 2010 Apr;25(4):705-9. Epub 2009 Nov 10.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19902270 

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”BACKGROUND: Growth hormone is widely abused by athletes, frequently with androgenic steroids. Its effects on performance are unclear. OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of growth hormone alone or with testosterone on body composition and measures of performance…CONCLUSION: Growth hormone supplementation influenced body composition and increased sprint capacity when administered alone and in combination with testosterone.  

The effects of growth hormone on body composition and physical performance in recreational athletes: a randomized trial.

Meinhardt U, Nelson AE, Hansen JL, Birzniece V, Clifford D, Leung KC, Graham K, Ho KK.

Ann Intern Med. 2010 May 4;152(9):568-77.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20439575 

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L-Arginine

L-arginine is an amino acid that initiates and participates in numerous bio-organic functions throughout the body such as regulating pH levels, supporting endothelial cells, assisting in the ridding of ammonia and other waste products, the building of necessary compounds like creatine, L-glutamate, and L-proline, and can be converted to glucose and glycogen if needed. 

General Uses:

In larger amounts, L-arginine stimulates the release of growth hormone and prolactin and is also used to make the nitric oxide, a compound in the body that relaxes blood vessels. Preliminary studies have found that L-arginine may help with conditions that improve when blood vessels are relaxed (called vasodilation), such as atherosclerosis, erectile dysfunction, and intermittent claudication.  L-arginine is thought to enhance the action of nitric oxide, which relaxes muscles surrounding blood vessels supplying the penis.  As a result, blood vessels in the penis dilate, increasing blood flow which helps maintain an erection.  One 50 subject study of men with erectile dysfunction compared a 5 grams a day dosage of L-arginine to that of a placebo, and, six weeks later, the L-arginine group showed marked improvement. 

With regard to its contribution to physical exercise, L-arginine possesses a multi-faceted effect spearheaded by a unique anti-fatiguing property which can increase training duration and shorten recovery time, but even more importantly L-arginine can increase in overall strength. 

Anabolic Benefits:

“A decrease of the blood supply to the muscle can be significant to the development of muscular fatigue, an important factor of incapacity. In this study, the effect of L-arginine taken orally, on the physiologic process of the muscular fatigue in 12 healthy volunteers, was investigated through located exercise controlled by isokinetic dynamometer (Biodex Multi-Joint System 3 dynamometer)…There was a significant decrease (mean 8.5%) indicating an improvement in the muscular resistance capacity to fatigue following the treatment by oral administration of arginine.”

Study of the effect of oral administration of L-arginine on muscular performance in healthy volunteers: An isokinetic study

R.S. Santos, M.T.T. Pacheco, R.A.B.L. Martins, A.B. Villaverde, H.E. Giana⁴, F. Baptista, R.A. Zângaro (2002)

Isokinetics and Exercise Science Vol. 10,153-158

http://iospress.metapress.com/content/cau9ar6nck6fwpm9/ 

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 “OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the pharmacokinetics, safety, and efficacy of l-arginine alpha-ketoglutarate (AAKG) in trained adult men…CONCLUSION: AAKG supplementation appeared to be safe and well tolerated, and positively influenced 1RM bench press and Wingate peak power performance. AAKG did not influence body composition or aerobic capacity.” 

Pharmacokinetics, safety, and effects on exercise performance of L-arginine alpha-ketoglutarate in trained adult men.

Campbell B, Roberts M, Kerksick C, Wilborn C, Marcello B, Taylor L, Nassar E, Leutholtz B, Bowden R, Rasmussen C, Greenwokod M, Kreider R. (2006)

Nutrition.(9):872-81.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16928472 

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“The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of an L-arginine and antioxidant supplement on exercise performance in elderly male cyclists…The anaerobic threshold for the supplement groups was significantly higher than that of placebo group at week 1 and week 3…This study indicated a potential role of L-arginine and antioxidant supplementation in improving exercise performance in elderly.” 

Arginine and antioxidant supplement on performance in elderly male cyclists: a randomized controlled trial

Chen Steve, Woosong Kim, Henning Susanne, Carpenter Catherine, Li Zhaoping (2010)

Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition. 7:13doi:10.1186/1550-2783-7-13

http://www.jissn.com/content/7/1/13 

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GLUTAMATIC ACID (L-Glutamine) 

General Uses:

L-Glutamine can be converted to glutamic acid, which is a precursor to the important inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA (gamma amino butyric acid) and an excitatory neurotransmitter.  L-Glutamine transports ammonia, the toxic metabolic by-product of protein breakdown to the liver, where it is converted into less toxic urea and then excreted by the kidneys. Finally, glutamine can convert into alanine, an amino acid that the liver converts into glucose, supplying additional fuel to muscles during a prolonged workout. 

Anabolic Benefits:

“ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: We compared Glycine Propionyl-L-Carnitine (GlycoCarn(R)) and three different pre-workout nutritional supplements on measures of skeletal muscle oxygen saturation (StO2), blood nitrate/nitrite (NOx), lactate (HLa), malondialdehyde (MDA), and exercise performance in men.

CONCLUSION: None of the products tested resulted in favorable changes in our chosen outcome measures, with the exception of GlycoCarn(R) in terms of higher StO2 at the start of exercise. GlycoCarn(R) resulted in a 13.7% decrease in MDA from pre- to post-exercise and yielded a non-significant but greater total volume load compared to all other conditions…” 

Comparison of pre-workout nitric oxide stimulating dietary supplements on skeletal muscle oxygen saturation, blood nitrate/nitrite, lipid peroxidation, and upper body exercise performance in resistance trained men.

Bloomer RJ, Farney TM, Trepanowski JF, McCarthy CG, Canale RE, Schilling BK.

J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2010 May 6;7:16.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20439575 

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“Objective: To determine the efficacy of glycine propionyl-L-carnitine (GPLC) to decrease lipid peroxidation, elevate nitric oxide, and improve blood lipid profiles in human subjects…Conclusion: GPLC supplementation combined with eight weeks of aerobic exercise decreases lipid peroxidation and elevates nitric oxide, but does not further improve blood lipid profiles in normolipidemic subjects.” 

Glycine propionyl-L-carnitine modulates lipid peroxidation and nitric oxide in human subjects.

Bloomer RJ, Tschume LC, Smith WA

Int J Vitam Nutr Res. 2009 May;79(3):131-41.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20209464 

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“This study investigated the effect of exercise on glutamine metabolism in macrophages of trained rats…Exercise increased phagocytosis in MOD when compared to SED (34.48 +/- 1.79 vs 15.21 +/- 2.91%, P < 0.05)…This study suggests an increase in macrophage function post-exercise, which was supported by enhanced glutamine consumption and metabolism, and highlights the importance for glutamine after exercise. 

Effect of exercise on glutamine metabolism in macrophages of trained rats.

dos Santos RV, Caperuto EC, de Mello MT, Costa Rosa LF.

Eur J Appl Physiol. 2009 Oct;107(3):309-15. Epub 2009 Jul 17.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19609552 

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BCAA 

General Uses:

BCAAs, or Branched Chain Amino Acids, are the amino acids leucine, isoleucine and valine; all of which assist in muscle recovery and muscle growth. 

Anabolic Benefits:

“Branched chain amino acids (BCAA) are particularly effective anabolic agents. Recent in vitro studies suggest that amino acids, particularly leucine, activate a signaling pathway that enhances messenger ribonucleic acid translation and protein synthesis. The physiological relevance of these findings to normal human physiology is uncertain. We examined the effects of BCAA on the phosphorylation of eukaryotic initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1 (eIF4E-BP1) and ribosomal protein S6 kinase (p70^S6K) in skeletal muscle of seven healthy volunteers…We conclude that in human skeletal muscle BCAA act directly as nutrient signals to activate messenger ribonucleic acid translation and potentiate protein synthesis.” 

Branched Chain Amino Acids Activate Messenger Ribonucleic Acid Translation Regulatory Proteins in Human Skeletal Muscle, and Glucocorticoids Blunt This Action

Zhenqi Liu, Linda A. Jahn, Wen Long, David A. Fryburg, Liping Wei and Eugene J. Barrett

http://jcem.endojournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/86/5/2136?maxtoshow=&hits=10&RESULTFORMAT=&fulltext=bcaa+muscle&searchid=1&FIRSTINDEX=0&sortspec=relevance&resourcetype=HWCIT 

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“INTRODUCTION: Previous research has demonstrated that ingestion of essential amino acids and their metabolites induce anabolic effects with the potential to augment gains in lean body mass and strength after resistance exercise training. PURPOSE: The purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of an essential amino acid-based formula (Muscle Armor (MA); Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, IL) containing beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate (HMB) on hormonal and muscle damage markers in response to 12 wk of resistance exercise…CONCLUSION: MA supplementation beneficially affected training-induced changes in lean body mass, muscle strength, and power, as well as hormonal responses and markers of muscle damage in response to 12 wk of resistance exercise training when compared with an isonitrogenous control.” 

Effects of amino acids supplement on physiological adaptations to resistance training.

Kraemer WJ, Hatfield DL, Volek JS, Fragala MS, Vingren JL, Anderson JM, Spiering BA, Thomas GA, Ho JY, Quann EE, Izquierdo M, Häkkinen K, Maresh CM.

Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2009 May;41(5):1111-21.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19346975 

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“Context: A reduction in maximal mitochondrial ATP production rate (MAPR) and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) abundance occurs with age in association with muscle weakness and reduced endurance in elderly people. Branched chain amino acids (BCAA) have been extensively used to improve physical performance…Objective: The objective was to determine whether an 8-h infusion of BCAA enhances MAPR equally in healthy young and elderly adults…Conclusions: BCAA increased skeletal muscle MAPR in the young participants in comparison with saline, but this effect was not seen in the elderly participants indicating, that unlike in the young, BCAA does not increase muscle mitochondrial function in the elderly.” 

The Effect of Branched Chain Amino Acids on Skeletal Muscle Mitochondrial Function in Young and Elderly Adults

Laura L. Tatpati¹, Brian A. Irving¹, Andrea Tom, Maureen L. Bigelow, Katherine Klaus, Kevin R. Short and K. Sreekumaran Nair

Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism , doi:10.1210/jc.2009-1822

http://jcem.endojournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/95/2/894?maxtoshow=&hits=10&RESULTFORMAT=&fulltext=essential+amino+acids+muscle&searchid=1&FIRSTINDEX=0&sortspec=relevance&resourcetype=HWCIT 

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”Objective and Design: The objectives of this study were to determine whether: 1) chronic essential amino acid (EAA) supplementation improves postabsorptive muscle protein fractional synthesis rate (FSR), lean body mass (LBM), and one-repetition maximum muscle strength, and androgen receptor and IGF-I muscle protein expression; and 2) the acute anabolic response to EAA ingestion is preserved after a 3-month supplementation period…Conclusions: EAA improved LBM and basal muscle protein synthesis in older individuals. The acute anabolic response to EAA supplementation is maintained over time and can improve LBM, possibly offsetting the debilitating effects of sarcopenia.”

Amino Acid Supplementation Increases Lean Body Mass, Basal Muscle Protein Synthesis, and Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I Expression in Older Women

Edgar L. Dillon¹, Melinda Sheffield-Moore¹, Douglas Paddon-Jones, Charles Gilkison, Arthur P. Sanford, Shanon L. Casperson, Jie Jiang, David L. Chinkes and Randall J. Urban

Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism , doi:10.1210/jc.2008-1564

http://jcem.endojournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/94/5/1630?maxtoshow=&hits=10&RESULTFORMAT=&fulltext=essential+amino+acids+muscle&searchid=1&FIRSTINDEX=0&sortspec=relevance&resourcetype=HWCIT